Work-life balance challenges that impact small service business owners in Auckland and Invercargill
Main Article Content
Abstract
This research investigates the work-life balance challenges impacting small service business owners in Auckland and Invercargill. The construct used for this research consists of the work-life balance (WLB) challenge, the impact of WLB challenges and the strategies used to overcome it. The data was collected from thirteen sole traders doing small service businesses, six participants in Auckland and seven participants in Invercargill. This research found that the WLB challenge exists for the small business owner, but the participants' perspective on the challenge differs. Their perspective determines the impact of the challenge on the participant's work and life domain. The study revealed that the small business owners face proper time management, strategic planning, business management skills, financial management, and personal and family time allocation, which are essential to maintaining a healthy WLB. The participants' main challenge was the unavailability of sick leave, the unavailability of substitute staffing, and customer retention.
Article Details

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
Authors retain copyright ownership of their work. NZJABR owns copyright in the final formatted and published version of the authors’ work.
Articles published in NZJABR since 1 December 2023 are published under a Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial license 4.0 International. Readers have immediate free access to the articles and are permitted to read, download, copy, distribute, print, search, or link to the full texts of articles, crawl them for indexing, pass them as data to software, or use them for any other lawful purpose, provided that:
- They must give appropriate credit to the authors, and to NZJABR as first publisher, provide a link to the license, and indicate what changes if any they have made, while avoiding any suggestion that the authors or NZJABR endorse their use of the work.
- They may not use the content for commercial purposes.
Plaudit
References
Adisa, T.A. Gbadamosi, G, Mordi, T., & Mordi, C. (2019). In search of perfect boundaries? Entrepreneurs' work-life balance. Personnel Review, 48(6), 1634-1651.
Ahuja, D.S. (2015). Work-life balance-necessity for happy life. American International Journal of Research in Humanities, Arts and Social Sciences, 2328-3734.
Bird, J. (2006). Work-Life Balance: Doing it right and avoiding the pitfalls. Employment Relations Today, 33(3).
Braun, V., & Clarke, V. (2006). Using thematic analysis in psychology. Qualitative Research in Psychology, 3(2), 77-101.
Cardon, M. S., Glauser, M., & Murnieks, C. Y. (2017). Passion for what? Expanding the domains of entrepreneurial passion. Journal of Business Venturing Insights, 8, 24-32.
Dawson, C. (2009). Introduction to research methods: A practical guide to anyone undertaking a research project (4th ed.).
Das, M.D.B, & Karthikeyan, D.P. (2015). Work-life balance challenges and solutions: overview. International Journal of Research in Humanities and Social Studies, 12(2).
Domett, T. (2006). The politics of work life balance: The New Zealand case (Master thesis, The University of Auckland).
Fossey, E., Harvey, C., McDermott, F., & Davidson, L. (2002). Understanding and evaluating qualitative research. Australian and New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry, 36(6), 1440-1614
Johnson, J. L., Adkins, D., & Chauvin, S. (2020). A review of the quality indicators of rigor in qualitative research. American Journal of Pharmaceutical Education, 84(1).
Jacob, V. & Mironescu, R. (2013). Meanings of small business and its management.
Journal of Engineering Studies and Research, 19(4), 34-40.
Lewis, S., Gambles, R. & Rapoport, R. (2007). The constraints of a 'work-life balance' approach: An international perspective. The International Journal of Human Resource Management, 18(3), 360-373.
Marczyk, G., DeMatteo, D., & Festinger, D. (2005). Essentials of research design and methodology. John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Ministry of Business, Innovation and Employment, MBIE (2022). Business structure overview. https://www.business.govt.nz/getting-started/choosing-the-right-business- structure/business-structure-overview/
MBIE. (2017). Briefing for the incoming Minister for small business. https://www.beehive. govt.nz/sites/default/files/2017-12/Small%20Business.pdf
Mental Health Foundation of New Zealand (2019). Xero small business wellbeing report. Xero and Mental Health Foundation New Zealand. https://www.xero.com/content/dam/ xero/pdf/2019-Mental-Health-Report/2019%20Small%20Business%20Wellbeing%20 Report.pdf
Merriam, S. B., & Tisdell, E. J. (2015). Qualitative research: A guide to design and implementation. John Wiley & Sons.
Norling, B. (2019). An open letter to Jacinda Ardern from small and medium business owners. stuff New Zealand. https://www.stuff.co.nz/business/opinion-analysis/116878204/ an-open-letter-to-jacinda-ardern-from-small-and-medium-business-owners
Prospa New Zealand. (2019). How small business ownership can impact mental health – and what you can do about it. Prospa NZ Limited. https://www.prospa.co.nz/blog/how- small-business-ownership-can-impact-mental-health-and-what-you-can-do-about-it
Saunders, Lewis, & Thornhill. (2019). Research method for business student. Pearson Education Limited.
Sgier, L. (2012). Qualitative data analysis. An Initiat. Gebert Ruf Stift, 19, 19-21.
Sharma Poudyal, C. (2013). Private schools and Fayol's principles of management. A case from Nepal. Journal of Education and Research, 3(1), 6-23.
Shaw, A. (2018). Small business owners feel lonely, says Business Mentors NZ chief executive. NZME Publishing Limited. https://www.nzherald.co.nz/business/small- business-owners-feel-lonely-says-business-mentors-nz-chief-executive/
Small Business Council. (2019). Defining small business. S. B. Council. https://www. mbie.govt.nz/assets/defining-small-business.pdf
Stats NZ. (2019). Gross domestic product: June 2019 quarter https://www.stats.govt.nz/ information-releases/gross-domestic-product-june-2019-quarter
Stats NZ. (2020). Corruption. Stats NZ. https://wellbeingindicators.stats.govt.nz/en/ corruption/
Stock, R. (2017). NZ workers are becoming more stressed. Stuff Limited. https://www. stuff.co.nz/business/95271692/workers-stress-levels-on-the-rise
Wilson, A & Nicolson, M. (2020). Mental Health in Aotearoa: Results from the 2018 Mental Health Monitor and the 2018/19 New Zealand Health Survey. Wellington: Te Hiringa Hauora/ Health Promotion Agency.
Work safe. (2017). Work-related health Work-related stress (NZBN: 9429041926437) https://www.worksafe.govt.nz/topic-and-industry/work-related-health/work-related-stress